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Related Concept Videos

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

469
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
469
Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

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Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
531
Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

449
Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
Dissociative Fugue
A hallmark feature of dissociative disorders is the dissociative fugue...
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Cognitive Therapy01:25

Cognitive Therapy

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Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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Amnesia01:13

Amnesia

443
Amnesia is a condition marked by long-term memory loss, which impairs the ability to recall past events or create new memories.
The severity and duration of memory loss vary depending on the type and underlying cause. Amnesia is classified into two main types: retrograde and anterograde.
Retrograde amnesia is marked by the loss of memories formed before the onset of the condition. Patients may recall distant past events but often forget those occurring shortly before the incident.
Anterograde...
443
Dissociative Identity Disorder01:30

Dissociative Identity Disorder

679
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Author Spotlight: Developing Precise and Clinically Relevant Models for Studying Secondary Degeneration in Traumatic Optic Neuropathy
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[Traumatic brain injury: cognitive, affective disorders, and post-traumatic attacks].

A V Timokhova1, O V Kostyunina2, I G Komoltsev1,2

  • 1Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|January 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant healthcare issue. This review covers TBI features, injury mechanisms, clinical studies, and associated cognitive, affective, and seizure disorders.

Keywords:
affective disorderscognitive disorderspost-traumatic attackstraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Trauma Care

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) presents a major global health challenge.
  • High prevalence and diverse consequences underscore the urgency of TBI research.
  • Understanding TBI is critical for improving patient outcomes and healthcare strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of traumatic brain injury (TBI).
  • To elucidate the primary characteristics and underlying mechanisms of brain injury.
  • To review current clinical research and associated post-traumatic complications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on TBI.
  • Analysis of mechanisms contributing to brain damage.
  • Synthesis of findings on clinical manifestations and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Detailed examination of TBI features and injury pathways.
  • Overview of current clinical investigations and therapeutic approaches.
  • Identification of cognitive and affective disorders following TBI.
  • Exploration of the development of post-traumatic seizures.

Conclusions:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) necessitates a multifaceted understanding.
  • Cognitive, affective, and seizure disorders are significant sequelae of TBI.
  • Further research is crucial for effective TBI management and treatment.