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Two-dimensional conducting polymers: synthetic strategies and emerging applications in sensor technologies
Yuqiao Chai1,2, Yuhan Yang1, Mianqi Xue2
1College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, China.
Nanoscale
|January 12, 2026
Summary
Two-dimensional conducting polymers (2DCPs) offer enhanced charge transport and mechanical flexibility. This review details synthesis methods and their application in advanced sensors for healthcare and environmental monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Polymer Chemistry
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Two-dimensional conducting polymers (2DCPs) exhibit unique properties like suppressed chain entanglement and disorder.
- These characteristics enable continuous in-plane charge transport, high surface area, and mechanical compliance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a structured overview of synthesis methods for 2DCPs.
- To highlight the mechanisms for achieving precise structural control (thickness, crystallinity, order).
- To review the sensor applications enabled by 2DCPs.
Main Methods:
- Interfacial synthesis (e.g., air/liquid, liquid/liquid).
- Space-confined growth within layered hosts (e.g., FeOCl, MXenes).
- Template-assisted synthesis, epitaxial polymerization, and self-assembly.
Main Results:
- Various synthesis routes achieve controlled thickness, high crystallinity, and long-range order.
- 2DCPs demonstrate excellent performance in gas, pressure/distance, and electrochemical sensors.
- Specific applications include NH3 detection (10 ppt), sensitive pressure sensing, and enzyme-free electrochemical detection.
Conclusions:
- 2DCPs possess a unique combination of in-plane conductivity, programmability, and flexibility.
- They are foundational materials for next-generation flexible and bio-integrated sensors.
- Enabling miniaturized, low-noise, and energy-efficient platforms for healthcare, human-machine interfaces, and environmental sensing.
