Hydration status, thirst discomfort, and ocular surface health among older adults in Türkiye: a cross-sectional study

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the amount of fluid consumed, factors influencing fluid intake, and the symptoms of thirst in elderly individuals living in the community, and to examine the relationship between thirst discomfort, hydration status, and ocular surface health. METHODS: The study employed a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive design and was conducted between July 2023 and December 2024, in the Aydıntepe district of Bayburt Province. The study included 110 individuals aged 65 and older who were able to communicate and agreed to participate. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Participants' demographic information was recorded using the Introductory Information Form. The level of thirst discomfort was assessed with the Thirst Discomfort Scale (TDS); ocular symptoms were measured with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Information about urine colour and daily fluid consumption was obtained from the participants. The results were analysed using SPSS version 26.0. Descriptive statistics, t-test for independent groups, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyse the data. RESULTS: The study found that the mean total TDS score was 20.61 ± 6.43, indicating moderate levels of thirst discomfort among elderly individuals. According to the OSDI results, individuals with severe ocular symptoms exhibited significantly higher discomfort related to thirst (F = 3.936, p = 0.010). A trend toward significance was observed between hydrated, moderately dehydrated, and dehydrated individuals regarding thirst discomfort levels; dehydrated individuals tended to have higher scores (F = 3.019, p = 0.053). CONCLUSIONS: In elderly individuals, thirst discomfort was moderate, and ocular symptoms influenced the perception of thirst. The findings emphasise the importance of individualised approaches to thirst management and regular monitoring of hydration status in older adults. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Dehydration is a significant issue that can impact the quality of life for elderly individuals. Health professionals should regularly assess individuals’ hydration status and develop individualised strategies to improve fluid intake. Given the relationship between ocular surface disease symptoms and fluid intake, interventions should be planned using a multidisciplinary approach. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable.