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Understanding Experiences of First Contact Physiotherapy in General Practice: A Realist Qualitative Study
Hannah Stott1,2, Alice Berry1, Serena Halls1
1University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.
Journal of Primary Care & Community Health
|January 13, 2026
Summary
First Contact Physiotherapy Practitioners (FCPPs) improve musculoskeletal care in general practice. Successful integration hinges on FCPP roles, their skills, and employment models, enhancing patient and staff experiences.
Area of Science:
- Primary Care
- Musculoskeletal Health
- Health Services Research
Background:
- First Contact Physiotherapy Practitioners (FCPPs) deliver musculoskeletal services in UK general practice.
- Limited understanding exists regarding the impact and variations in FCPP service delivery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore staff and patient experiences with FCPPs in general practice.
- To identify factors influencing the success of FCPP implementation and service delivery.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative interviews were conducted with 83 practice staff and patients across Great Britain.
- A realist approach was used for data analysis, informed by programme theories.
Main Results:
- Seven overarching theory areas were identified, including awareness, communication, FCPP approach, qualifications, workload, development, and employment models.
- Key factors for successful implementation were FCPP integration, skillset, impact on resource use, and employment model.
Conclusions:
- Findings provide empirical evidence on issues and contexts impacting FCPP role implementation in general practice.
- This study will assist decision-makers in developing effective First Contact Physiotherapy services.
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