Three new compounds from wine-processed Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua

Three new compounds, pyrrole alkaloid with bulky N-alkylside chains (1), one trimer-polymers of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (2), and (2S,5S,6R)-pollenfuran A (3), were obtained from the wine-processed P. cyrtonema Hua. Structural characterisation was accomplished through extensive spectroscopic analysis (1D/2D NMR, and HR-MS), along with quantum chemical computations of NMR parameters (DP4⁺) and electronic circular dichroism simulations. Immunological evaluation in RAW264.7 macrophage cells demonstrated that compound 2 exhibited significant enhancement of cellular phagocytosis along with increased production of IL-6, TNF-α, and nitric oxide.