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Screening Questions to Identify Low Vision and Acuity-Defined Legal Blindness.

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  • 1College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Simple yes/no questions can effectively screen for low vision and legal blindness. These validated survey items offer a practical alternative to costly visual acuity testing in public health settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Visual screening is crucial for public health initiatives.
  • Traditional visual acuity (VA) testing is resource-intensive for large-scale implementation.
  • Validated surveys offer potential for efficient screening methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify effective screening questions for low vision (VA ≤ 0.3 logMAR) and legal blindness (VA ≤ 1 logMAR) using a validated survey.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic performance of single and multiple survey items for vision impairment detection.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 385 adults who completed a 100-item validated VA survey.
  • Participants were classified based on yes/no responses to specific survey items.
  • Calculation of sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) for selected screening questions.

Main Results:

  • A single question about reading menus in a fast-food restaurant showed high discrimination for low vision (AUC = 0.85).
  • A question about reading keyboard keys from a computer screen effectively screened for legal blindness (AUC = 0.80).
  • Adding a second question marginally improved AUC; a third question provided no additional benefit.

Conclusions:

  • Single, targeted survey questions can serve as practical and effective tools for screening low vision and legal blindness.
  • A two-item screening approach offers improved specificity when needed.
  • These functional screening questions are valuable alternatives when in-person visual acuity testing is not feasible.