Environment and CVD: moving from Risk Prediction to Risk Management

We attempt to provide a framework for cardiovascular risk assessment related to environmental pollutants to enhance awareness of risk posed by environmental risk factors and highlight approaches for risk intervention.

Indisputable links between environmental exposures and cardiovascular outcomes exist. Although many of these relationships are well studied, such as air pollution, evidence continues to emerge regarding others, including noise, light, the built environment, and temperature. When the totality of the impact from environmental exposures are considered under the paradigm of the exposome, their health impact and disease burden form a considerable part of mitigatable residual cardiovascular risk. This risk can be attenuated by policy and, to a lesser extent, individual level actions. By harnessing artificial intelligence, we can move to integrated risk exposure analysis and target those at the highest risk with interventions.