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Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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Thermoregulation01:26

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The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer01:14

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Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
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Thermal Insulation in Masonry Walls01:22

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In hot, dry climates, the thermal mass of masonry walls can be beneficial, absorbing heat during the day and releasing it at night, thereby stabilizing indoor temperatures. However, in most other climates, additional insulation is necessary to enhance thermal resistance.
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

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In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
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Artificial Thermal Ageing of Polyester Reinforced and Polyvinyl Chloride Coated Technical Fabric
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Multifaceted Janus Textile Simultaneously Achieving Self-Sustainable Thermal Management, Perception, and Protection.

Jialong Chai1,2,3, Guilong Wang4,5, Runze Shao1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Equipment and Technology for Metal Forming, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, Shandong, People's Republic of China.

Nano-Micro Letters
|January 13, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a multifunctional Janus textile with adaptive thermal management, self-powered sensing, and waterproofness. This innovative material offers comprehensive protection and environmental resilience for advanced wearables.

Keywords:
Janus structureMultifunctional textilesPersonal thermal managementProtective textileSelf-powered sensing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Textile Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Next-generation textiles require integrated personal thermal management, perception, protection, and comfort for complex environments.
  • Janus-designed textiles offer dual-functionality but are often limited to single applications.
  • Truly multifunctional textiles are needed for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multifaceted Janus (X-Janus) textile overcoming limitations of current single-purpose designs.
  • To integrate energy-independent functionalities including adaptive thermal management, self-powered sensing, and waterproofness.
  • To provide comprehensive protection and environmental resilience in a single textile platform.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of the X-Janus textile using microporous polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, nano- to microscale fibrils, and MXene-coated carbon fabric.
  • Integration of spectral, electrical, and wetting Janus designs for distinct functionalities.
  • Characterization of thermal management, sensing, energy harvesting, waterproofness, chemical resistance, EMI shielding, UV protection, and flame retardancy.

Main Results:

  • The X-Janus textile exhibits switchable radiative cooling/warming for adaptive thermal management.
  • It provides self-powered sensing and energy harvesting capabilities.
  • The textile offers waterproofness, chemical resistance, significant electromagnetic interference shielding (56 dB), high ultraviolet protection (UPF > 1,500), and flame retardancy.

Conclusions:

  • The X-Janus textile successfully integrates multiple energy-independent functionalities and comprehensive protection.
  • This work presents a new strategy for self-sustainable, multifunctional textiles.
  • The developed textile offers scalable solutions for outdoor safety, industrial wearables, and intelligent clothing demanding environmental resilience.