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Related Concept Videos

Penis01:29

Penis

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The penis serves a dual role in sexual reproduction and urination. It consists of three main regions: the glans penis, the body, and the root, each with distinct functions and unique anatomical features.
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The glans penis, or the head, is the terminal part of the penis and houses the external urethral orifice, the exit point for urine and semen. Covered by the prepuce, or foreskin, the glans is noted for its sensitivity and plays a key role in sexual pleasure. The body of the...
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Sexual stimulation can take various forms, such as physical touch and visual or auditory cues. When this happens, the parasympathetic reflex in the sacral portion of the spinal cord is activated. This reflex stimulates the release of nitric oxide (NO), which then dilates the arterioles in the penis, increasing blood flow to the erectile tissues - the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum.
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Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Isolation and Profiling of MicroRNA-containing Exosomes from Human Bile
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Separation-Free Extracellular Vesicle Microribonucleic Acid Profiling Using Structurally Oriented Membrane Fusion and

Sihui Tong1,2,3, Xiaoyi Fu2,4, Lubin Qi2

  • 1School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou lnstitute for Advanced·Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, PR China.

ACS Nano
|January 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel aptamer-liposome biosensor for rapid, one-step detection of extracellular vesicle microRNAs. The method offers a sensitive and specific liquid biopsy strategy for early cancer diagnosis.

Keywords:
extracellular vesiclesliquid biopsymembrane fusionmolecular diagnosticsmultiplexed biomarker profiling

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Current methods for extracellular vesicle (EV) microRNA (miRNA) profiling are complex and have limitations in sensitivity or efficiency.
  • Accurate and rapid detection of EV-derived miRNAs is crucial for early cancer diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, rapid, and sensitive platform for *in situ* detection of multiple tumor-specific EV-derived miRNAs.
  • To overcome the limitations of existing EV miRNA profiling techniques.

Main Methods:

  • A programmable, aptamer-mediated membrane fusion strategy was developed using Dual-color, Bone-shaped Biosensor-loaded Aptamer-Liposomes (DBS-Alip).
  • DBS-Alip selectively fuses with intact EVs, delivering biosensors for nonenzymatic signal amplification within 30 minutes.
  • The platform enables isolation-free, multiplexed detection of miRNAs directly from plasma.

Main Results:

  • The DBS-Alip platform achieved ultralow detection limits (0.5 fM) with high sensitivity and specificity, requiring only 5 μL of plasma.
  • Clinical validation demonstrated 100% accuracy in distinguishing early-stage nonsmall cell lung cancer patients from healthy donors and 90% accuracy from pneumonia cases.
  • The method eliminates the need for RNA extraction or amplification.

Conclusions:

  • The DBS-Alip platform provides a robust, programmable, and efficient EV-based liquid biopsy strategy.
  • This approach holds significant potential for early cancer diagnosis through sensitive and specific miRNA detection.