Clinical features and survival in primary intestinal lymphomas: A multicentre study

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Oncology
• Hematology

Background:

• Primary intestinal lymphomas, including B-cell (IBCL) and T-cell (ITCL) types, are uncommon and not well understood.
• Differentiating these subtypes is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the clinical characteristics and survival rates of primary intestinal B-cell lymphomas (IBCL) and T-cell lymphomas (ITCL).
• To identify factors that distinguish between IBCL and ITCL and influence patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

• A multicenter, retrospective analysis of 94 patients diagnosed with primary intestinal lymphoma between 2001 and 2024.
• Clinical and laboratory data were analyzed using logistic regression and ROC analysis.
• Overall survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves.

Main Results:

• IBCL patients were more often diagnosed at early stages (Lugano I) with lower LDH and β2-microglobulin levels compared to ITCL patients.
• Coeliac disease was significantly associated with ITCL (p<0.01).
• Multivariable analysis identified coeliac disease and biomarker levels as independent predictors differentiating IBCL from ITCL (AUROC 0.95). IBCL showed significantly better survival (HR 0.21, p=0.01).

Conclusions:

• Primary intestinal B-cell lymphomas (IBCL) and T-cell lymphomas (ITCL) possess distinct clinical and prognostic profiles.
• IBCL demonstrates a more favorable clinical presentation and superior survival outcomes compared to ITCL.
• Urgent development of tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies is needed to address the divergent behaviors of these intestinal lymphomas.