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Five-factor model-based personality profiles in South Korea.

Mina Jyung1, Jennifer Hyunji Kim1, Kipoong Kim2

  • 1Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.

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|January 13, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Five personality types were identified in a large South Korean sample using the Five-Factor Model. These profiles show distinct associations with well-being, self-esteem, and loneliness, informing targeted interventions.

Keywords:
Five-factor modelPerson-centered approachPersonality typesWell-being

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Personality Science
  • Cross-cultural Psychology

Background:

  • The Five-Factor Model (FFM) is a widely accepted framework for understanding personality structure.
  • Previous research has identified personality typologies, but empirical validation in diverse cultural contexts is ongoing.
  • Understanding personality profiles is crucial for mental health research and intervention development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct personality profiles within a large South Korean sample based on the Five-Factor Model.
  • To investigate the associations between these identified personality profiles and various indicators of well-being, including self-esteem, loneliness, and subjective social status.
  • To contribute to personality typology research by providing empirically derived profiles specific to a Korean population.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a large-scale dataset from South Korea (N = 813,611).
  • Employed Gaussian Mixture Modeling (GMM) to identify latent personality profiles.
  • Analyzed the associations between profile membership and well-being indicators (e.g., self-esteem, loneliness, subjective social status).

Main Results:

  • Five distinct personality profiles were identified: Average, Introverted-Open, Introverted-Reactive, Expressive, and Conventional.
  • The Expressive and Average profiles were associated with predominantly positive outcomes.
  • The Introverted-Reactive profile was linked to lower well-being and increased psychological vulnerabilities.
  • Introverted-Open and Conventional profiles exhibited a mix of adaptive and maladaptive attributes.

Conclusions:

  • Empirically derived personality profiles in a Korean sample offer nuanced insights into personality structure.
  • Distinct personality types show differential associations with well-being and psychological health.
  • Findings support the development of person-centered interventions tailored to specific personality profiles.