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Trait space and compactness: A new perspective on explaining variations in primary productivity.

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Plant communities balance trait diversity and coordination to maximize gross primary productivity (GPP). Larger trait space boosts GPP in poor conditions, while trait coordination excels in rich environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Plant Ecology
  • Functional Ecology

Background:

  • Plant communities exhibit large trait spaces and strong trait coordination, a seemingly contradictory pattern.
  • Understanding the drivers of these patterns and their influence on ecosystem functions like gross primary productivity (GPP) is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively link the geographic distribution of plant trait space and coordination with GPP.
  • To investigate how trait space (hypervolume, quantity dimension) and trait compactness (coordination, efficiency dimension) influence GPP in naturally assembled communities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a large-scale dataset of nine leaf traits for 5718 species-site combinations.
  • Analyzed plant community composition in 64 naturally assembled communities with simultaneous field measurements.
  • Investigated trait spaces and trait compactness and their correlation with GPP.

Main Results:

  • Trait space and compactness together explained 72% of the variation in GPP.
  • Increased trait space (diverse trait combinations) enhanced GPP in resource-poor communities.
  • Higher trait compactness (coordinated traits) increased GPP in resource-rich communities.

Conclusions:

  • Natural plant communities enhance GPP by simultaneously increasing trait space and trait compactness.
  • Findings offer a new perspective on multidimensional functional ecology and community assembly.
  • This research provides insights into optimizing ecosystem productivity through trait strategies.