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Biomarkers of Progressive Chronic Heart Failure: The Results of Blood Proteomic Analysis
A S Anisimova1, I A Molodtsov1, A S Kononikhin2
1Davydovsky Municipal Clinical Hospital.
Insights
Researchers developed a novel plasma protein panel to identify patients with progressive heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This new biomarker panel shows higher accuracy than existing markers for detecting decompensated HFrEF.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Proteomics
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a significant clinical challenge.
- Accurate identification of progressive HFrEF is crucial for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a protein panel for identifying patients with progressive chronic HFrEF.
- To assess the diagnostic efficacy of plasma and extracellular vesicle (EV) proteins in distinguishing between stable and decompensated HFrEF.
Main Methods:
- Proteomic analysis using chromatography-mass spectrometry on blood plasma and EVs from 81 HFrEF patients.
- Identification of differentially expressed proteins between stable and decompensated HFrEF groups.
- Development and evaluation of integrated protein panels, including NT-proBNP, for diagnostic accuracy.
Main Results:
- Twelve plasma proteins and one BB fraction protein showed significant concentration differences between decompensated and stable HFrEF.
- A plasma protein panel (APOE, LPA, C7, GPLD1, TF) demonstrated high diagnostic efficiency (78.8% sensitivity, 87.5% specificity).
- The developed plasma panel outperformed classical biomarkers like NT-proBNP in identifying decompensated HFrEF.
Conclusions:
- A novel plasma protein panel effectively identifies patients with progressive chronic HFrEF.
- This protein panel offers a more accurate diagnostic tool compared to existing biomarkers.
- Further research is warranted for clinical implementation of this promising HFrEF biomarker panel.
Abstract:
Aim To develop of a protein panel to identify patients with progressive chronic heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) based on proteomic analysis of blood fractions.Material and methods The study included 81 patients with HFrEF associated with postinfarction myocardial scarring or dilated cardiomyopathy. Patients were enrolled both in a stable period (n=48) and with signs of decompensated heart failure (n=33). Proteomic chromatography-mass-spectrometric analysis of blood plasma and extracellular vesicles (EVs) was performed in all patients. The analysis identified proteins differentially represented between groups in each blood compartment. The effectiveness of using individual proteins and integrated protein panels based on these proteins to identify patients with progressive HFrEF was assessed.Results Twelve plasma proteins and one BB fraction protein were detected, the concentration of which significantly differed between the groups with and without decompensated HFrEF. Individual protein concentrations demonstrated approximately the same quality indicators in identifying patients with decompensated HF as the classical HF marker, the N-terminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Accordingly, we developed two integrated panels including the concentrations of NT-proBNP and several plasma or BB fraction proteins. The plasma panel included five proteins (APOE, LPA, C7, GPLD1, and TF), and the BB panel included two proteins (APOC4, FGB); the proteins are designated in accordance with their genes in the UniProt database. The plasma protein panel demonstrated the highest efficiency in identifying patients with decompensated HF, with a sensitivity of 78.8% and a specificity of 87.5%.Conclusion The study resulted in the development of a plasma protein panel that can identify patients with progressive chronic HFrEF. This panel is more effective than previously described or currently used biomarkers. However, further research is needed to implement this protein panel into clinical practice.
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