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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

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Stroke Recognition Tools for Spanish-Speaking Consumers: A Nationwide Study.

Jennifer E S Beauchamp1, Remle Crowe2, Stephanie Mohl3

  • 1Cizik School of Nursing, Department of Research and Institute for Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (J.E.S.B.).

Stroke
|January 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Spanish stroke recognition acronyms like RÁPIDO and PARA Stroke performed similarly to usual care but were preferred by healthcare professionals and Spanish-speaking Hispanic and Latino adults. Further research is needed to optimize stroke education for this population.

Keywords:
Hispanic or Latinoemergency medical serviceshealth inequitieslanguagelimited English proficiencystroke

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Neurology
  • Health Communication

Background:

  • Stroke disproportionately affects Spanish-speaking Hispanic and Latino (SSHL) adults in the US, highlighting disparities in culturally appropriate health education.
  • Existing stroke recognition acronyms in Spanish require evaluation for effectiveness and cultural relevance among SSHL adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of novel Spanish-language stroke recognition acronyms (AHORA, PARA Stroke, RÁPIDO) compared to usual care in improving stroke knowledge and intent to call 9-1-1 among SSHL adults.
  • To assess preferences for stroke recognition acronyms among SSHL adults and healthcare professionals.

Main Methods:

  • A 3-phase exploratory sequential design was employed, including interviews with healthcare professionals and focus groups with SSHL individuals.
  • Phase 3 involved a randomized study with 1105 SSHL participants exposed to one of four interventions: AHORA, PARA Stroke, RÁPIDO, or usual care.
  • Stroke knowledge and intent to call 9-1-1 were assessed pre- and 30-days post-exposure using online questionnaires, with data analyzed via ordinal and binomial regression.

Main Results:

  • At 30 days, AHORA, PARA Stroke, and RÁPIDO showed comparable odds of recognizing stroke signs versus usual care (ORs ranging from 0.54 to 1.47, P>0.05).
  • Intent to call 9-1-1 did not significantly differ between acronym groups and usual care (ORs ranging from 0.95 to 1.18, P>0.05).
  • All acronyms demonstrated significant long-term positive effects on the intent to call 9-1-1, though no significant differences were found between the acronyms themselves.

Conclusions:

  • The evaluated Spanish stroke recognition acronyms (AHORA, PARA Stroke, RÁPIDO) performed comparably to usual care in improving stroke recognition and intent to call 9-1-1.
  • Healthcare professionals and SSHL consumers expressed a preference for culturally relevant Spanish-language acronyms, particularly RÁPIDO and PARA Stroke, over direct English translations.