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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

3.8K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

23.9K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues
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Comparative miRNA Expression Profiling Reveals Candidates Involved in Prostate Cancer Radioresistance.

Sercan Ergun1, Sezgin Güneş1, Neslihan Hekim1

  • 1Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.

APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica
|January 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in prostate cancer radiosensitivity. Specific miRNAs like miR-20a-5p and miR-128-3p were upregulated in resistant cells, suggesting they promote radioresistance, while others may sensitize tumors to radiation therapy.

Keywords:
micrornaprostate cancerradiation therapyradioresistance

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Prostate cancer is a leading global malignancy in men, with treatment outcomes heavily influenced by tumor radiosensitivity.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of cellular processes including proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage response, and are increasingly recognized for their role in therapeutic resistance.
  • The specific involvement of miRNAs in prostate cancer radioresponse remains an area requiring further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression patterns of ten selected miRNAs previously associated with radiation resistance in other cancer types within prostate cancer models.
  • To determine if distinct miRNA expression profiles can differentiate between radiation-resistant and radiation-sensitive prostate cancer cells.

Main Methods:

  • Radiation-resistant (PC-3) and radiation-sensitive (LNCaP) prostate cancer cell lines, along with normal prostate epithelial cells (hPTEC), were exposed to varying doses of ionizing radiation (0-8 Gy).
  • Quantitative PCR was employed to analyze miRNA expression levels, utilizing SNORD48 as an internal control and the 2−ΔΔCt method for quantification.
  • Statistical analysis focused on identifying dose-dependent and differential expression patterns of selected miRNAs between cell lines.

Main Results:

  • In radiation-resistant PC-3 cells, miR-20a-5p, miR-128-3p, and miR-135b-5p exhibited significant dose-dependent upregulation, with miR-128-3p showing a positive correlation with radiation dose.
  • Conversely, miR-23b-3p and miR-381-3p were significantly downregulated in PC-3 cells, demonstrating a negative correlation with radiation dose.
  • LNCaP cells displayed only moderate and non-dose-dependent changes in miRNA expression, highlighting distinct molecular signatures compared to PC-3 cells.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct miRNA expression signatures effectively differentiate radiation-resistant from radiation-sensitive prostate cancer cells.
  • Upregulated miRNAs, including miR-20a-5p and miR-128-3p, are potential contributors to prostate cancer radioresistance.
  • Downregulated miRNAs, such as miR-23b-3p and miR-381-3p, may function as radiosensitizers, offering potential therapeutic targets for enhancing radiation efficacy.