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Work Hours, Stress, and Burnout Among Resident Physicians.

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Resident physicians working longer hours experienced higher stress and perceived competency, but not burnout. This indicates that work hours alone do not fully explain burnout in residency, necessitating broader strategies for resident well-being.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Physician Well-being
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Burnout is a significant issue for resident physicians, impacting personal, professional, and systemic aspects of healthcare.
  • Work hour restrictions have been implemented to enhance patient safety and reduce resident fatigue, yet their direct impact on burnout and well-being remains uncertain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between work hours and burnout, stress, and self-perceived competency among residents in demanding specialties.
  • To explore potential demographic and well-being factors that might moderate these associations.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey was administered remotely from February to June 2024 to residents in high-burnout specialties (surgery, obstetrics-gynecology, family, internal, and emergency medicine) across the US.
  • The study collected self-reported data on average weekly work hours, hours worked in the past week, burnout, stress, and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) competency milestones.
  • Statistical analyses were performed to assess associations, adjusting for demographic factors.

Main Results:

  • No significant association was found between work hours (average or past week) and burnout.
  • Increased work hours were positively associated with higher levels of stress.
  • Longer work hours correlated with higher self-assessed ACGME competency milestones.

Conclusions:

  • In resident physicians within high-burnout specialties, extended work hours are linked to increased stress and perceived competency, but not burnout.
  • Work hours alone may not be the sole determinant of high burnout rates in residency.
  • A comprehensive approach extending beyond work hour limitations is required to effectively support resident well-being during training.