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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
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Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
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Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
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Quantum-elevated chiral discrimination for biomolecules.

Yiquan Yang1,2,3, Xiaolong Hu1,2,3, Wei Du1,2,3

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.

Science Advances
|January 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantum entanglement enhances chiral discrimination of biomolecules, surpassing classical limits for sensitive, nondestructive analysis. This breakthrough offers improved methods for drug development and biochemical research.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Analytical chemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Chiral discrimination of biomolecules is crucial in various scientific fields.
  • Conventional methods using circularly polarized light suffer from weak signals and photodamage.
  • Classical chiral probes are limited by the quantum shot noise limit.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel quantum-enhanced method for chiral discrimination.
  • To overcome the limitations of classical chiral probes and shot noise limits.
  • To develop a high-sensitivity, nondestructive chiral analysis protocol.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing continuous-variable polarization-entangled states.
  • Employing quantum noise-squeezed states as chiral probes.
  • Applying the method to distinguish enantiomers of amino acids in liquid phase.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a 5-decibel improvement beyond the shot noise limit.
  • Demonstrated high-sensitivity chiral analysis.
  • Developed a nondestructive and biocompatible protocol.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum-elevated chiral discrimination offers superior sensitivity and overcomes classical limitations.
  • The developed protocol has broad implications for drug development, biochemical research, and environmental monitoring.
  • This quantum approach paves the way for advanced chiral analysis techniques.