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DNA-only Transposons

DNA-only Transposons

DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...

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Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Transposon Mediated Integration of Plasmid DNA into the Subventricular Zone of Neonatal Mice to Generate Novel Models of Glioblastoma

Transposon Mediated Integration of Plasmid DNA into the Subventricular Zone of Neonatal Mice to Generate Novel Models of Glioblastoma

Published on: February 22, 2015

A transposase-derived gene required for human brain development.

Luz Jubierre Zapater^1,2, Sara A Lewis³, Rodrigo Lopez Gutierrez⁴

¹Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Science Advances

|January 14, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

PiggyBac transposable element derived 5 (PGBD5) is crucial for normal brain development. Its deficiency in humans and mice leads to intellectual disability, movement disorders, and epilepsy due to DNA remodeling and genome rearrangements.

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Last Updated: Jan 17, 2026

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Genetics
Molecular Biology

Background:

Vertebrate brain development involves significant neuronal cell death and DNA breaks, with unclear causes and functions.
The role of DNA transposable elements in somatic genome rearrangements during brain development is largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the function of PiggyBac transposable element derived 5 (PGBD5) in mammalian brain development.
To determine the impact of PGBD5 deficiency on neurological functions and genome stability.

Main Methods:

Analysis of Pgbd5 function in mouse models.
Examination of DNA breaks and somatic genome rearrangements in the mouse brain.
Assessment of neuronal gene expression in the cerebral cortex of Pgbd5-deficient mice.
Correlation of findings with human PGBD5 deficiency disorders.

Main Results:

Pgbd5 is essential for the developmental induction of postmitotic DNA breaks and somatic genome rearrangements in the mouse brain.
Loss of Pgbd5 results in aberrant neuronal gene expression, particularly affecting glutamatergic neurons.
PGBD5 deficiency in humans is linked to intellectual disability, movement disorders, and epilepsy.

Conclusions:

PGBD5, a transposase-derived gene, is indispensable for normal mammalian brain development.
PGBD5 plays a critical role in maintaining genome stability and regulating gene expression during neurodevelopment.
Understanding PGBD5 function offers insights into neurodevelopmental disorders.