Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Protocol for Assessing the Relative Effects of Environment and Genetics on Antler and Body Growth for a Long-lived Cervid
Published on: August 8, 2017
Understanding Growth Physiology in Cattle
Lee-Anne J Walter1, Ty E Lawrence2
1Cattle Technical Services, Merck Animal Health, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
Abstract:
Understanding growth physiology in cattle is essential for optimizing beef production efficiency and carcass quality. This review explores the biological mechanisms underlying muscle, fat, and bone development from prenatal to postnatal stages, emphasizing the roles of cell differentiation, hormonal regulation, and nutritional inputs. Growth is allometric, with tissue-specific rates of accretion that shift as cattle mature. Hormones such as estrogen, testosterone, and insulin-like growth factor 1 influence tissue development, whereas genetic selection and breed differences affect tissue growth rates and carcass traits. This review provides a comprehensive framework for applying growth physiology principles to modern fed cattle management.
Related Concept Videos
Exponential Growth
Bacterial Growth Curve
Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue
Population Growth
Nature and Nurture

