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Area of Science:

  • Glaciology
  • Geochemistry
  • Paleoclimatology

Background:

  • Ice-rafted debris (IRD) from Greenland's tidewater glaciers influences biogeochemical cycles and fjord sedimentation.
  • Understanding IRD entrainment in basal ice is crucial for predicting export, but quantitative models are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify sediment transport in basal ice and estimate IRD fluxes from Greenland's tidewater glaciers.
  • To develop a numerical model linking ice yield to sediment yield for predicting IRD export.

Main Methods:

  • Collected 210 debris-rich iceberg samples from three fjord systems.
  • Developed a numerical process model for basal ice erosion and entrainment.
  • Extrapolated findings across Greenland's marine-terminating outlets.

Main Results:

  • Sediment concentrations in icebergs ranged from 0.1% to 45% (3.48% median).
  • Established a relationship between catchment ice yield and sediment yield.
  • Estimated an annual IRD export of 454 Mt a-1, up to one-third of Greenland's total sediment transport.

Conclusions:

  • Icebergs play a significant role in Greenland's sediment budget.
  • The study improves understanding of sediment export from glaciers and ice sheets in a warming climate.