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Social risk factors in pediatric gastroenterology
Evianna Cruz Herrera1, Ivette Partida2, Celine Bien-Aime3
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons and NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
Insights
Social risk is prevalent in pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition (PGHN) patients. Racial and ethnic minority groups, including Hispanic/Latino and Black patients, face higher odds of experiencing social risks.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health
- Health Equity
- Social Determinants of Health
Background:
- Limited data exists on social risk screening within pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition (PGHN) settings.
- Social risk factors significantly impact health outcomes and access to care for pediatric populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate racial and ethnic disparities in social risk among Medicaid-insured PGHN patients.
- To identify specific patient groups with higher burdens of social risk within PGHN care.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of electronic health records from 1341 PGHN patients (May 2022-February 2024).
- Utilized the Accountable Health Communities screening tool to identify social risks.
- Employed logistic regression, adjusting for child age, sex, and preferred language, to assess racial and ethnic differences.
Main Results:
- Overall, 29% of PGHN patients reported at least one social risk.
- Hispanic/Latino, Black, and patients with missing or other race/ethnicity classifications exhibited significantly higher odds of social risk compared to non-Hispanic white patients.
Conclusions:
- Significant racial and ethnic disparities in social risk exist among Medicaid-insured PGHN patients.
- Effective, integrated social care strategies are crucial for promoting health equity in PGHN settings.
- Further research is needed to understand and implement holistic social care interventions.
Abstract:
Little information exists about social risk among pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition (PGHN) patients. The goal of this study was to examine racial and ethnic differences in social risk among Medicaid-insured PGHN patients. Electronic health records from 1341 patients between May 2022 and February 2024 with responses to the Accountable Health Communities screening tool were included. The main outcome was presence of any social risk. To test the hypothesis that racial and ethnic differences in social risk exist, logistic regression adjusting for child age, sex, and preferred language was used. Overall, 29% of patients reported a social risk. Compared to non-Hispanic white patients, patients with Hispanic/Latino, Black, other, and missing race and ethnicity had higher odds of reporting social risks. To promote health equity, better understanding of effective, holistic strategies to integrate social care into PGHN care is warranted.
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