Impact of Structured Aerobic Exercise on Symptom Burden and Lung Function in Adults with Asthma: A Prospective Cohort...

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and episodic airflow obstruction. While pharmacological treatments remain central to asthma management, aerobic exercise has gained attention for its potential benefits.

A prospective cohort study was conducted over 10 months at a primary healthcare facility, enrolling 64 adults diagnosed with asthma. Participants were assigned either to an intervention group, which engaged in structured aerobic exercise at least three times weekly, or to a control group that maintained their usual activity levels. Lung function was assessed every two months using spirometry, measuring forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the FEV1/FVC ratio. Symptom severity was evaluated using a visual analogue scale.

Of 116 eligible patients, 67 were enrolled (43 intervention, 24 control), with 64 completing the study. No significant baseline differences were observed between groups. The intervention group showed clinically meaningful reductions in symptom burden, particularly in morning symptoms (p=0.028), activity limitations (p=0.049), and asthma control satisfaction (p=0.042), each exceeding the minimal clinically important difference of ≥1.0. Lung function improved in the intervention group over time, with FVC and FEV1/FVC increasing (p=0.023; p=0.026), despite no significant between-group differences at individual time points.

This study highlights the potential of aerobic exercise as a complementary approach to asthma management. Incorporating structured physical activity into care may enhance symptom control and quality of life. Further research is needed to explore long-term benefits and optimize interventions for varying asthma severity.