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  3. Visualizing Multiple Sexual Identity Responses Using A Network Approach.

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Visualizing Multiple Sexual Identity Responses Using a Network Approach.

Christopher A Julian1, Lauren Newmyer1, Wendy D Manning1

  • 1Department of Sociology, Center for Family and Demographic Research, Bowling Green State University.

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|January 15, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accurately measuring sexual identity requires moving beyond single choices. A "select all that apply" approach in surveys is vital for representing diverse adults.

Keywords:
Affiliation networkDemographyMeasurementSelect allSexuality

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Demography
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Current population-based data infrastructure for measuring sexual identity is evolving.
  • Existing measurement techniques often fail to capture the complexity of sexual identity among diverse adults.
  • A key limitation is the practice of asking participants to select only one "best" identity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To illustrate the complexity of sexual identity responses using network visualization.
  • To highlight the limitations of single-item sexual identity measures.
  • To advocate for improved measurement strategies in national surveys.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the National Couples' Health and Time Study.
  • Constructed a network visualization to aggregate patterns of multiple identity selections.
  • Analyzed respondent patterns for sexual identity choices.

    • Main Results:

    • Relying on single-item responses risks undercounting the diversity of sexual identities.
    • Sexual identity is often multifaceted, with individuals identifying with multiple labels.
    • Network visualization effectively demonstrates the interconnectedness of various sexual identities.

    Conclusions:

    • Current single-item measures inadequately represent sexually diverse adults.
    • A "select all that apply" response option is essential for accurate representation.
    • Advancements in survey methodology are needed to capture nuanced sexual identities.