Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Surgery for unmeasurable neuropathy to alleviate non-specific upper extremity pain: round table discussion.

The Journal of hand surgery, European volume·2026

Same author

Reply.

The Journal of hand surgery, European volume·2026

Same author

The (Hidden) World of Wide-awake Office Surgery.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open·2026

Same author

How current extensor tendon repair practices differ from expert recommendations.

The Journal of hand surgery, European volume·2026

Same author

The IFSSH consensus and current guidelines on flexor tendon repairs and reconstruction.

The Journal of hand surgery, European volume·2026

Same author

Proof-based clinical practice and research.

The Journal of hand surgery, European volume·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

A Novel Tenorrhaphy Suture Technique with Tissue Engineered Collagen Graft to Repair Large Tendon Defects

A Novel Tenorrhaphy Suture Technique with Tissue Engineered Collagen Graft to Repair Large Tendon Defects

Published on: December 10, 2021

Achieving balance in tendon repair.

Jin Bo Tang¹, Donald Lalonde²

¹Department of Hand Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.

The Journal of Hand Surgery, European Volume

|January 15, 2026

Summary

Achieving balance in flexor and extensor tendon repair is crucial for optimal function. Careful surgical planning, repair techniques, and rehabilitation strategies ensure successful outcomes for hand and upper limb tendon injuries.

Keywords:

balance extensor tendons flexor tendons rehabilitation repair methods surgical timing

More Related Videos

Using Q Suture to Enhance Resistance to Gap Formation and Tensile Strength of Repaired Flexor Tendons

Using Q Suture to Enhance Resistance to Gap Formation and Tensile Strength of Repaired Flexor Tendons

Published on: June 3, 2020

Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE as a Suture Material in Tendon Surgery

Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE as a Suture Material in Tendon Surgery

Published on: October 6, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 17, 2026

A Novel Tenorrhaphy Suture Technique with Tissue Engineered Collagen Graft to Repair Large Tendon Defects

A Novel Tenorrhaphy Suture Technique with Tissue Engineered Collagen Graft to Repair Large Tendon Defects

Published on: December 10, 2021

Using Q Suture to Enhance Resistance to Gap Formation and Tensile Strength of Repaired Flexor Tendons

Using Q Suture to Enhance Resistance to Gap Formation and Tensile Strength of Repaired Flexor Tendons

Published on: June 3, 2020

Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE as a Suture Material in Tendon Surgery

Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE as a Suture Material in Tendon Surgery

Published on: October 6, 2022

Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Hand Surgery
Sports Medicine

Background:

Tendon injuries, especially in the hand and upper limb, necessitate balanced repair for functional recovery.
Both flexor and extensor tendon repairs require careful consideration of mechanical strength, biological healing, and functional rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and discuss the key steps for achieving balanced flexor and extensor tendon repair and rehabilitation.
To highlight the importance of balancing mechanical strength with tendon nutrition and vascularity in flexor tendon repair.
To emphasize the balance between protection and movement in extensor tendon repair and rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

Discussion of surgical techniques for flexor tendon repair, including multi-strand repairs and pulley venting in zone 2.
Review of strategies for delayed and late flexor tendon repairs in contaminated wounds.
Analysis of rehabilitation protocols for extensor tendon injuries, focusing on early relative motion splinting and active mobilization.

Main Results:

Optimal flexor tendon repair balances strength with tendon nutrition, utilizing multi-strand sutures and appropriate pulley venting.
Intraoperative excursion testing in wide-awake surgery helps determine ideal venting for flexor tendon repairs.
Delayed or late flexor tendon repairs can succeed with strong sutures and balanced tension, allowing early motion.
Extensor tendon repair requires balancing immobilization risks with early motion to prevent stiffness and promote healing.

Conclusions:

Successful tendon repair is a multifaceted process requiring careful surgical planning and execution.
Optimal rehabilitation strategies, including patient engagement, are essential for restoring function after tendon injuries.
A balanced approach integrating surgical technique and rehabilitation is key to achieving optimal outcomes in tendon repair.