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Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...

Thermometers and Temperature Scales

Thermometers and Temperature Scales

Any physical property that depends consistently and reproducibly on temperature can be used as the basis of a thermometer. For example, volume increases with temperature for most substances. This property is the basis for the common alcohol thermometer and the original mercury thermometers. Other properties used to measure temperature include electrical resistance, color, and the emission of infrared radiation.
As many physical properties depend on temperature, the variety of thermometers is...

Temperature Measurement Sites

Temperature Measurement Sites

A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...

Assessing Body Temperature - Oral

Assessing Body Temperature - Oral

Here are the steps to accurately measure oral temperature using an electronic thermometer:
Step 1:
Start by practicing proper hand hygiene to prevent the spread of microorganisms.
Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
Step 3:
Gently slide the probe cover until a click is heard. This simple action prevents cross-contamination and ensures the correct placement of the probe cover.
Step 4:
Instruct the patient to open their mouth and place...

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane

Assessing tympanic membrane temperature involves using a tympanic membrane thermometer (TMT). Here is a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Begin by practicing good hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.
Step 2: Turn on the thermometer and wait until the ready sign appears on the screen to ensure accurate measurement.
Step 3: Slide the probe cover in place to prevent cross-contamination.
Step 4: Instruct the patient to tilt their head to the side for comfort and check for cerumen...

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.
Step 3: Assess the patient's...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers

Published on: October 24, 2018

Future traceability of practical primary thermometry and self-validating thermometry.

Jonathan Pearce¹, Graham Machin¹, Andrew Todd²

¹National Physical Laboratory , Teddington, England, UK.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences

|January 15, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

New techniques for traceable temperature measurements are emerging. This study examines their metrological traceability to the SI kelvin and prioritizes future research for practical applications.

Keywords:

kelvin metrology self-validation temperature thermometry traceability

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Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices

Published on: June 3, 2015

Area of Science:

Metrology
Thermodynamics
Temperature Measurement

Background:

Current methods for thermodynamic temperature realization and dissemination are summarized.
Advancements in traceable temperature measurements at the point of use are nearing maturity.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the formalism for metrological traceability to the SI kelvin for practical temperature measurement techniques.
To identify priority research areas for in situ traceability.

Main Methods:

Review of the state-of-the-art in self-validating thermometers utilizing material phase changes.
Discussion of practical primary thermometers including relative primary radiometry, acoustic gas thermometry (AGT), Johnson noise thermometry (JNT), and Doppler broadening thermometry (DBT).

Main Results:

Relative primary thermometry is identified as more likely for practical, day-to-day use compared to absolute primary thermometry.
The implications for metrological traceability formalism and equivalence demonstrations are significant.

Conclusions:

The study provides a framework for understanding traceability in advanced thermometry.
It highlights the practical advantages of relative primary thermometry for future applications.