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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Imaging
    • Physics

    Background:

    • Photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCCT) is advancing rapidly.
    • Spectral inconsistency (inter-pixel variations in detected counts) causes artifacts and inaccuracies in PCCT images.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel physics-model based method to correct spectral inconsistency in PCCT.
    • To reduce ring/band artifacts and improve accuracy in reconstructed CT images.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a method modeling spectral inconsistency with two terms: a fixed spectral skew term and a variable energy-threshold bias term.
    • Introduced an energy-threshold bias calculator (ETB-Cal) for efficient, robust calibration without X-ray fluorescence materials.
    • Incorporated correction vectors into a spectral model for pixel-by-pixel correction of PCCT projection data.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated significant reduction in non-uniformity for Gammex multi-energy phantom (29.3 to 5.8 HU).
    • Achieved substantial non-uniformity reduction for Kyoto head phantom (27.9 to 3.2 HU).
    • Outperformed a polynomial-based method requiring more calibration data.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed physics-model based method effectively corrects spectral inconsistency in PCCT.
    • ETB-Cal offers computational efficiency, robustness, and convenience for PCCT calibration.
    • The method significantly improves image quality by reducing artifacts and non-uniformity.