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Related Concept Videos

Biofilms01:29

Biofilms

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Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced extracellular polysaccharide matrix attached to surfaces. These microbial consortia can include single or multiple species, providing enhanced survival benefits by forming organized, multilayered structures.The formation of biofilms occurs through four key stages: attachment, colonization, development, and dispersal.During attachment, free-swimming planktonic cells adhere to a surface, often facilitated by...
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Carbohydrate Digestion00:57

Carbohydrate Digestion

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Carbohydrate digestion and metabolism break down simple and complex carbohydrates from food into saccharides (i.e., sugars) for the body to use as energy. Carbohydrate digestion starts in the mouth during mastication, or chewing. The masticated carbohydrates remain intact in the stomach. Digestion resumes in the duodenum of the small intestine, where pancreatic alpha-amylase and brush border enzymes of the microvilli convert complex carbohydrates to monosaccharides. Finally, the monosaccharides...
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Carbohydrate Catabolism01:30

Carbohydrate Catabolism

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Carbohydrate catabolism is a fundamental process in cellular metabolism that enables energy extraction from glucose through two primary pathways: cellular respiration and fermentation. Both pathways begin with glycolysis, which operates independently of oxygen availability.Glycolysis: A Shared Starting PointGlycolysis is an oxygen-independent process that breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid. During this process, a net gain of two ATP molecules and two NADH molecules is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries
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Caries Microbiome: Time to Move from Blame to Balance.

Naile Dame-Teixeira1, Jéssica Luiza Mendonça Albuquerque de Melo2, Clarissa Cavalcanti Fatturi Parolo3

  • 1Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences/University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil, nailedame@unb.br.

Caries Research
|January 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Caries microbiome research should focus on the entire oral ecosystem and individual health history, not just specific bacteria. The goal is to strengthen oral microbiome resilience for better prevention and management of dental caries.

Keywords:
BiofilmsCaries archaeomeDental cariesMicrobiologyResilienceTranslational research

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Area of Science:

  • Oral microbiome research
  • Dental caries ecology
  • Translational science

Background:

  • Next-generation sequencing and multi-omics reveal functional diversity in biofilms beyond taxonomy.
  • Carries microbiome research needs broader perspectives connecting ecological theory, molecular evidence, and clinical implications.
  • Key research directions focus on microbial composition, function, and individual-level characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose directions for advancing the translational potential of caries microbiome research.
  • To connect ecological theory, molecular evidence, and clinical implications in caries research.
  • To shift the paradigm from identifying bacterial culprits to understanding ecosystem dynamics and individual factors.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of microbial composition, function, and individual-level characteristics.
  • Integration of ecological theory and molecular evidence.
  • Consideration of clinical metadata and advanced bioinformatic approaches, including AI.

Main Results:

  • Caries microbiome research should view taxa and functions as context-dependent within a dynamic ecosystem.
  • Microbial pathways related to sugar metabolism likely reflect adaptation, not inherent virulence.
  • Individuals may retain microbial signatures from past caries, termed 'microbiological dysbiosis scars'.

Conclusions:

  • Focus on the broader microbial ecosystem, including non-bacterial members, rather than "good" or "bad" bacteria.
  • Prioritize strengthening oral microbiome resilience over eliminating specific pathogens.
  • Incorporate individual history and detailed clinical metadata for improved caries prevention and management.