Limnological studies on lakes and reservoirs of Venezuela: status and summary

Venezuela is a megadiverse country with a range of lentic ecosystems spread throughout its seven watersheds. Despite its vast water resources, the country faces severe anthropogenic impacts due to unequal population distribution, primarily in the Andean-Coastal region. The scientific-technological crisis has led to a decline in limnological research, exacerbated by brain drain and lack of funding for scientific projects. A bibliometric analysis of limnological studies from 1993 to the present revealed a significant decrease in published studies, particularly in recent years, with most research concentrated on reservoirs. Key findings highlighted the need for updated knowledge on the physical, chemical, and biological aspects of these ecosystems, as well as the impacts of climate change and pollution. This study underscores the urgency for enhanced funding, modernized infrastructure, and collaborative efforts to address the pressing environmental challenges facing Venezuelan lakes and reservoirs, while prioritizing research on emerging pollutants and the conservation of biodiversity for sustainable management.