Associations of Hernia Sac Size, Serum Indicators, and Postoperative Complications After Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia...

Inguinal hernia is a common surgical condition with a low rate of self-healing. This study aimed to analyze the associations of hernia sac size, serum indicators, and postoperative complications following laparoscopic inguinal hernia surgery.

Eighty-one patients with inguinal hernia who underwent laparoscopic surgery from January 2021 to July 2024 were enrolled and followed up at 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery. Based on the presence or absence of postoperative complications, the patients were divided into a complication group (n = 30) and a noncomplication group (n = 51). The complication group was subdivided according to the type of complication into a seroma group/a nonseroma group, an incision infection group/a nonincision infection group, and a chronic pain group/a nonchronic pain group.

The postoperative follow-up showed that 30 of the 81 patients had complications, with an incidence rate of 37.04%. Multivariate ridge regression analysis identified hernia sac size, body mass index, and age as significant positive predictors of postoperative complications, whereas serum Na⁺ level was inversely associated (P < 0.05). The combined ridge regression model had an area under the curve of 0.93 (95% confidence interval: 0.86-0.98), with a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 88%, indicating good discriminatory ability. Subgroup analyses further demonstrated consistent predictive capacity for seroma, incision infection, and chronic pain.

Hernia sac size, body mass index, age, and serum Na⁺ are independently associated with postoperative complications following laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. A combined predictive model incorporating these factors allows early risk stratification, which may guide targeted perioperative management.