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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide
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Protocolized trauma team activations improve trauma patient outcomes and decrease decision-making intervals.

Yau-Ren Chang1, Hu-Lin Christina Wang2, Chien Wu3

  • 1Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|January 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Implementing a standardized trauma team activation (TTA) protocol significantly improved survival rates and reduced morbidity in trauma patients. This protocolized approach enhances trauma care quality and patient outcomes, demonstrating its value in critical care settings.

Keywords:
ED-to-CT timeNonoperative management (NOM)Protocolized trauma careSurvival outcomesTrauma team activation (TTA)

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Care and Emergency Medicine
  • Clinical Protocol Implementation
  • Patient Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Trauma team activation (TTA) is crucial for trauma care, but its long-term development and protocolized effects require examination.
  • Few studies have investigated the maturation of TTA protocols and their impact on patient outcomes over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of a comprehensive trauma team protocol implemented in 2012.
  • To identify factors associated with improved patient outcomes following protocolized trauma care.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 3002 trauma patients undergoing TTA (2006-2023).
  • Comparison of pre-protocol (n=518) and post-protocol (n=2484) implementation stages.
  • Analysis included clinical outcomes, time intervals, and logistic regression for risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Protocolized TTA stage showed higher survival (90.5% vs. 79.7%), lower morbidity (0.8% vs. 10.6%), and increased nonoperative management success (39.0% vs. 27.2%).
  • ED-to-CT times were significantly shorter in the protocolized stage (39.0 vs. 52.6 min).
  • Age, TRISS, GCS score, and treatment stage were independent predictors of survival.

Conclusions:

  • A protocolized TTA system is feasible and improves both processes and outcomes in trauma care.
  • The treatment stage is an independent determinant of clinical results.
  • Standardized TTA protocols are recommended for tertiary trauma centers to enhance patient outcomes.