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Associations Between Youth Marijuana and Alcohol Use, Neurocognitive Performance, and Triple-Network Resting-State

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Adolescent marijuana use impacts brain connectivity between the default mode network (DMN) and executive control network (ECN). Alcohol use in adolescents is linked to better cognitive performance, potentially due to socioeconomic factors.

Keywords:
AdolescenceAlcoholDefault mode networkExecutive control networkMarijuanaResting-state functional connectivitySalience network

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Adolescent Development
  • Substance Use Research

Background:

  • Adolescent substance use, particularly alcohol and marijuana, is linked to risks like suicide, overdose, and executive dysfunction.
  • Dysfunctional connectivity in resting-state networks (default mode network, executive control network, salience network) is associated with substance use and cognitive deficits.
  • Limited research exists on the impact of substance use on triple-network connectivity (DMN, ECN, SN) in adolescents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between alcohol and marijuana use and triple-network connectivity in typically developing adolescents.
  • To examine the association between substance use and executive control functions in a larger cohort of adolescents.

Main Methods:

  • Used regression models in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (n=520) to analyze alcohol and marijuana use against triple-network connectivity, controlling for covariates.
  • Examined relationships between substance use and executive control in a larger dataset (n=4197) with neurocognitive and substance use data.

Main Results:

  • Alcohol use showed no significant association with triple-network connectivity after FDR correction.
  • Higher marijuana use was significantly associated with increased connectivity between the default mode network (DMN) and executive control network (ECN).
  • Higher alcohol use correlated with improved working memory, mental flexibility, attention, and executive efficiency/accuracy, potentially influenced by socioeconomic factors; marijuana use did not correlate with neurocognitive performance.

Conclusions:

  • Marijuana use in adolescents is associated with altered DMN-ECN connectivity.
  • Alcohol use in adolescents is linked to better neurocognitive performance, possibly due to confounding socioeconomic factors.
  • Future research should explore interventions targeting DMN, ECN, and SN to understand their roles in connectivity, cognition, and substance use.