Differentially significant miRNA target gene analysis in exosomes extracted from Seneca Valley virus infected...

Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles secreted by a wide range of mammalian cells and serve as key mediators in the intercellular transfer of various biological materials such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. However, it remains unclear whether microRNAs (miRNAs) present in exosomes derived from Seneca Valley virus (SVV)-infected IBRS-2 cells undergo substantial alterations. Moreover, the functions and regulatory pathways of differential miRNA target genes involved are unclear. In this study, Exosomes were isolated from SVV-infected IBRS-2 cells and examined for morphology, protein markers, and nucleic acid content using electron microscopy, western blotting, and PCR techniques. Then, the miRNAs present in the exosomes were sequenced, and Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation along with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted on the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs. Consequently, 1419 miRNAs were extracted from exosomes isolated from SVV-infected cells, and the GO functions of 281 differentially expressed miRNAs were related to RNA binding, nucleus, extracellular vesicular exosome, external side of the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleoplasm. In this study, we present the initial examination of the miRNA expression patterns and the functional roles of their related genes after SVV infects IBRS-2 cells. The results provide important information for investigating the pathogenesis of SVV and developing appropriate therapeutic strategies.