Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Meristems and Plant Growth02:36

Meristems and Plant Growth

49.1K
Plants grow throughout their lives; this is called indeterminate growth, and it distinguishes plants from most animals. Although certain parts of plants stop growing (e.g., leaves and flowers), others grow continuously—like roots and stems.
49.1K
Morphogenesis02:19

Morphogenesis

30.2K
Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
30.2K
Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores02:26

Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores

29.5K
Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
29.5K
Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

Cell Adhesion in Plants

3.3K
Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
3.3K
Plasmodesmata02:32

Plasmodesmata

35.0K
The organs in a multicellular organism’s body are made up of tissues formed by cells. To work together cohesively, cells must communicate. One way that cells communicate is through direct contact with other cells. The points of contact that connect adjacent cells are called intercellular junctions.
35.0K
Plasmodesmata01:20

Plasmodesmata

3.8K
In a multicellular organism, cells must communicate to work together in a coordinated manner. One way that cells communicate is through direct contact with other cells. The points of contact that connect adjacent cells are called intercellular junctions.
Intercellular junctions are a feature of fungal, plant, and animal cells. However, different types of junctions are found in different kinds of cells. Intercellular junctions found in animal cells include tight junctions, gap junctions, and...
3.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Erratum: Effector-Triggered Immunity Is a Key Component of Nonhost Resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana against the Rice Blast Pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae.

The plant pathology journal·2026
Same author

Plant NLRs are getting into higher-order architectures.

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology·2026
Same author

Decoding Arabidopsis growth-defense trade-offs through ADR1-associated transcriptional networks.

Cell reports·2026
Same author

PD-L1-Binding Antigen Presenters: Redirecting Vaccine-Induced Antibodies for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

J-domain proteins cooperate with Hsp70 to drive multiphase separation of RNA-binding-deficient TDP-43.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2025
Same author

In Situ Plant Sensors: Toward Real-Time, High-Resolution Monitoring.

ACS sensors·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Robotic Sensing and Stimuli Provision for Guided Plant Growth
08:02

Robotic Sensing and Stimuli Provision for Guided Plant Growth

Published on: July 1, 2019

8.5K

Some assembly required: Modularity and programmability as keys to decoupling growth-defence trade-offs in plants.

Rachelle R Q Lee1, Donghui Hu1, Eunyoung Chae2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, 117558, Singapore.

Current Opinion in Plant Biology
|January 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Plants coordinate growth and defense using complex gene networks, not just resource limits. This discovery allows engineering immunity without sacrificing crop yield.

Keywords:
ADR1EDS1Growth-defence trade-offModularityNLRPlant immunityTranscriptional reprogramming

More Related Videos

A Simple Protocol for Mapping the Plant Root System Architecture Traits
11:09

A Simple Protocol for Mapping the Plant Root System Architecture Traits

Published on: February 10, 2023

3.6K
Imaging Spatial Reorganization of a MAPK Signaling Pathway Using the Tobacco Transient Expression System
08:54

Imaging Spatial Reorganization of a MAPK Signaling Pathway Using the Tobacco Transient Expression System

Published on: March 20, 2016

10.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Robotic Sensing and Stimuli Provision for Guided Plant Growth
08:02

Robotic Sensing and Stimuli Provision for Guided Plant Growth

Published on: July 1, 2019

8.5K
A Simple Protocol for Mapping the Plant Root System Architecture Traits
11:09

A Simple Protocol for Mapping the Plant Root System Architecture Traits

Published on: February 10, 2023

3.6K
Imaging Spatial Reorganization of a MAPK Signaling Pathway Using the Tobacco Transient Expression System
08:54

Imaging Spatial Reorganization of a MAPK Signaling Pathway Using the Tobacco Transient Expression System

Published on: March 20, 2016

10.2K

Area of Science:

  • Plant immunity
  • Molecular plant science
  • Genetics and genomics

Background:

  • The growth-defense trade-off is traditionally viewed as a consequence of resource competition in plants.
  • Recent studies on autoimmune mutants and helper NLRs suggest this paradigm is incomplete.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the regulatory mechanisms plants use to balance growth and defense.
  • To challenge the assumption that the growth-defense trade-off is an unavoidable outcome of resource limitation.

Main Methods:

  • Meta-analysis of gene expression data across various immune contexts.
  • Analysis of regulatory networks centered on the EDS1-PAD4-ADR1 (EPA) complex.
  • Investigating the function of ADR1 helper NLRs in regulating growth and defense genes.

Main Results:

  • Defense and growth genes are regulated by segregated but coordinated molecular modules.
  • ADR1 helper NLRs actively suppress growth genes while enhancing immunity, indicating coordinated regulation, not passive resource competition.
  • Networks downstream of ADR1 show significant regulatory exclusivity.

Conclusions:

  • Plant growth-defense balance is actively programmed through complex transcriptional networks.
  • Targeted genetic interventions can decouple immunity from growth penalties, challenging the zero-sum assumption in crop improvement.
  • Understanding these conserved circuits offers opportunities to engineer enhanced plant immunity without yield penalties.