Traceability of Wild and Farmed Four Major Chinese Carps Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics...

Area of Science:

• Aquatic product authentication
• Proteomics
• Biomarker discovery

Background:

• Growing demand for traceability in aquatic products due to quality and value differences between wild and farmed fish.
• Need for robust analytical methods to differentiate fish origins.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and validate a proteomic strategy for discriminating wild and farmed Four Major Chinese Carps.
• To identify protein biomarkers indicative of fish origin.

Main Methods:

• Utilized Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment Ion Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS) based proteomics.
• Applied multivariate statistical analysis, including Orthogonal Partial Least-Squares-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) and Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA).

Main Results:

• Identified 24 protein biomarkers differentiating wild and farmed carp populations.
• Validated biomarker significance through OPLS-DA and HCA, showing distinct abundance variations.
• GO annotation indicated biomarkers are involved in energy metabolism and structural development.

Conclusions:

• SWATH-MS proteomics combined with OPLS-DA effectively discriminates wild and farmed Chinese carps.
• Identified protein biomarkers provide molecular insights into adaptation to different environments.
• The OPLS-DA models are applicable for real-world traceability of aquatic products.