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Crown@ZIF-67/MXene Sensor for Ultrasensitive and Selective On-Site Tl+ Monitoring.

Zhen Yang1, Ruixing Huang2, Xiaoling Zhang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.

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A new electrochemical sensor using a Crown@ZIF-67/MXene composite offers selective and portable monitoring of toxic thallium (Tl) in complex waters. This durable sensor achieves low detection limits, crucial for environmental safety.

Keywords:
MXene-based compositeelectrochemical sensorion selectivityon-site monitoringthallium

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Thallium (Tl) is a toxic pollutant requiring sensitive detection in water.
  • Existing Tl sensors often lack selectivity, portability, or durability for complex environmental samples.
  • Accurate Tl monitoring is vital for environmental protection and public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a portable and selective electrochemical sensor for trace-level thallium detection.
  • To overcome limitations of current Tl monitoring methods in complex water matrices.
  • To create a durable sensor with antifouling properties for real-world applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a Crown@ZIF-67/MXene composite on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE).
  • Synthesis via in situ crystallization introducing 18-crown-6 during ZIF-67 growth on MXene.
  • Optimization of square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) for Tl+ detection.

Main Results:

  • The Crown@ZIF-67/MXene/SPCE sensor exhibited a wide linear range (0.1-300 μg L⁻¹) and a low limit of detection (0.036 μg L⁻¹).
  • High selectivity was demonstrated, with minimal error (<2.8%) in the presence of coexisting ions.
  • The sensor showed excellent stability and antifouling behavior in real wastewater samples over 5 days, agreeing well with ICP-MS.

Conclusions:

  • The developed electrochemical sensor provides a practical platform for selective and sensitive Tl+ monitoring.
  • The composite material enhances Tl+ recognition, enrichment, and charge transport for superior performance.
  • This sensor is suitable for analyzing Tl+ in diverse and complex environmental waters, meeting practical monitoring needs.