Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 18, 2026
Author Spotlight: Simulating Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Using a Neonatal Piglet Model
Published on: May 26, 2023
Factors Associated with Intensive Care Unit Admission Following Elective Cardiac Catheterization in Children without
Madan Mohan Maddali1, Malay Hemantlal Patel1, Is'haq Al Aamri1
1Department of Cardiac Anesthesia, National Heart Center, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman.
Insights
Pediatric cardiac catheterization patients requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission are predicted by weight, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical grade, and Catheterization Risk Score for Pediatrics (CRISP) categories. These factors help identify children needing post-procedure ICU care.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Critical Care Medicine
- Medical Informatics
Background:
- Increasing complexity of pediatric cardiac catheterization.
- Rising need for intensive care unit (ICU) admissions post-procedure for critically ill children.
Purpose of the Study:
- Evaluate patient demographics' association with ICU admission after elective pediatric cardiac catheterization.
- Analyze associations between ICU admission and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical grade, and Catheterization Risk Score for Pediatrics (CRISP) categories.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study at a single tertiary cardiac care center.
- Included 193 pediatric patients undergoing elective cardiac catheterization.
- Analyzed demographic data, ASA physical status, and CRISP categories for ICU admission predictors.
Main Results:
- Weight, ASA physical grade 4, CRISP pre-catheterization diagnosis category 3, and physiologic risk category 3 were independently associated with ICU admissions.
- Multivariate analysis identified key predictors: weight (OR: 0.816), ASA grade 4 (OR: 2.966), CRISP diagnosis category 3 (OR: 28.304), and physiologic risk category 3 (OR: 6.816).
Conclusions:
- Pediatric patient weight, ASA physical grade, and CRISP model categories (diagnosis and physiologic) can predict ICU admission likelihood post-cardiac catheterization.
- These findings aid in identifying high-risk pediatric patients for intensive care after cardiac catheterization.
Background:
As pediatric cardiac catheterization procedures become more complex, critically ill children increasingly require postprocedure intensive care unit (ICU) admissions.
Aims Primary:
The primary aim was to evaluate the association between patient demographics and ICU admission after elective cardiac catheterization in children without recent surgery or pre-existing systemic illness (acute renal failure, hepatic failure, active infection).
Secondary:
The secondary aim was to analyze associations between ICU admission and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical grade, and Catheterization Risk Score for Pediatrics (CRISP) online model-based precatheterization diagnosis, physiological category, and procedure risk category.
Settings And Design:
A prospective cohort study conducted at a single tertiary cardiac care center.
Materials And Methods:
The study included 193 pediatric patients undergoing elective cardiac catheterization from June 2023 to May 2024 under general anesthesia. Postprocedure, patients were admitted to ICU or transferred to wards. Demographic data, ASA physical status, and CRISP-based categories were analyzed for ICU admission predictors using univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results:
Of 193 participants, 169 met eligibility criteria, and 27 required ICU admission. Univariate analysis showed that age (P < 0.001), weight (P < 0.01), ASA Grade 4 physical status (P = 0.001), CRISP-based category 2 and 3 of precatheterization diagnosis, and physiology were factors associated with children admitted to the ICU. Multivariate analysis showed weight [odds ratio (OR): 0.816, 95% CI: 0.679-0.980, P = 0.029], ASA physical grade 4 [OR: 2.966, 95% CI: 1.155 - 7.612, P = 0.024], CRISP-based pre-catheterization diagnosis category 3 [OR: 28.304, 95% CI: 1.025 - 781.835, P = 0.048], and physiologic risk category 3 [OR: 6.816, 95% CI: 1.275 - 36.439, P = 0.025] were independently associated with ICU admissions after elective cardiac catheterization.
Conclusions:
The results showed that the child's weight, ASA physical grade, and the diagnosis and physiologic categories by the CRISP model may predict the possibility of a pediatric patient requiring an ICU admission after cardiac catheterization procedures.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview
01:26Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management
01:28Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care
01:28Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management
01:21Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization
01:30Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction