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LncRNAs as Emerging Diagnostic Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Diseases: Evidence Synthesis Through Systematic Review
1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jiujiang No.1 People's Hostital, Jiujiang 332000, China.
Summary
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) demonstrate high accuracy in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This systematic review and meta-analysis confirms their potential as valuable auxiliary diagnostic markers for CVDs.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Genetics and Genomics
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a significant global health burden, being the primary cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
- Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as promising biomarkers with potential applications in the diagnosis of CVDs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and value of lncRNAs for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
- To perform a meta-analysis of existing studies to consolidate evidence on lncRNA diagnostic performance.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for studies on lncRNAs as CVD diagnostic markers.
- Meta-analysis was performed following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, calculating pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of the SROC curve.
- Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were employed to investigate heterogeneity, alongside publication bias and sensitivity analyses.
Main Results:
- The meta-analysis included 16 studies, evaluating 18 lncRNAs in 1855 cases and 1125 controls.
- LncRNAs exhibited a pooled sensitivity of 0.81 and specificity of 0.86 for CVD diagnosis, with an AUC of 0.90, indicating high diagnostic accuracy.
- The positive and negative diagnostic likelihood ratios were 5.73 and 0.22, respectively. Expression trends, control types, and disease types were identified as sources of heterogeneity.
Conclusions:
- LncRNAs possess high sensitivity and specificity, demonstrating significant potential as auxiliary diagnostic tools for cardiovascular diseases.
- Further research into lncRNA expression patterns and their correlation with specific CVD subtypes can enhance their clinical utility.
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