Drug-loaded nanoparticles for intra-articular injection

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Rheumatology

Background:

• Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease requiring effective treatment strategies.
• Intra-articular injections (IAI) offer localized drug delivery for joint conditions.
• Current IAI formulations may have limitations in sustained release and lubrication enhancement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and characterize drug-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) as a model IAI formulation for early-stage OA.
• To evaluate the lubricating properties of the developed NPs on artificial joint surfaces.
• To assess the drug release profile and biocompatibility of the NP formulation.

Main Methods:

• Celecoxib-loaded nanoparticles were prepared using a hybrid homogenization and solvent evaporation technique.
• Nanoparticle characterization included hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential measurements.
• Lubrication was assessed using friction tests, Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).
• Drug release kinetics and chondrocyte cytotoxicity were evaluated.

Main Results:

• Nanoparticles exhibited hydrodynamic diameters around 200 nm and negative zeta potentials (~ -40 mV).
• The NPs significantly enhanced lubrication between model joint surfaces (stainless steel and silicone elastomer).
• Surface adsorption of NPs was identified as the key factor for improved lubrication.
• Sustained celecoxib release exceeding one week was observed, with excellent biocompatibility in chondrocyte assays.

Conclusions:

• Drug-loaded nanoparticles show promise as an advanced IAI formulation for osteoarthritis.
• The NPs provide superior lubrication and sustained drug delivery compared to free celecoxib.
• The formulation demonstrates good biocompatibility, supporting its potential therapeutic application.