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A field study: Vermicompost mitigates Cd migration in soil-celery system.

Xueping Wu¹, Hao Mei¹, Jingwen Xu¹

¹Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

|January 16, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Adding struvite or biochar to vermicompost effectively remediates cadmium-contaminated soils. These amendments improve celery growth, reduce cadmium uptake, and enhance soil properties and microbial diversity for safer agriculture.

Keywords:

Amended vermicompost Biochar Cd bioavailability Soil remediation Struvite

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Soil Science
Agricultural Science

Background:

Cadmium (Cd) contamination poses significant risks to agricultural land, impacting soil health and food safety.
Effective remediation strategies are crucial for mitigating Cd's adverse effects on crops and ecosystems.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the efficacy of vermicompost (VK), vermicompost with struvite (VS), and vermicompost with biochar (VB) in remediating Cd-contaminated soil.
To assess the impact of these amendments on celery growth, Cd accumulation, soil properties, and microbial communities.

Main Methods:

A field study was conducted on Cd-contaminated soil using different amendment treatments: control (CK), VK, VS, and VB.
Celery (Apium graveolens L.) growth, soil-to-plant Cd migration, soil physicochemical properties (pH, organic matter), and soil bacterial diversity were analyzed.

Main Results:

VS and VB significantly enhanced celery growth compared to CK and VK.
Both VS and VB treatments markedly reduced Cd bioavailability and transport, leading to decreased Cd accumulation in celery.
Amendments with VS and VB improved soil properties, including increased pH and organic matter, which aided in Cd immobilization.
Amended vermicomposts promoted soil bacterial diversity and enriched metal-resistant bacterial taxa.

Conclusions:

Vermicompost amended with struvite (VS) and biochar (VB) are highly effective in remediating cadmium-contaminated soils.
These amendments offer a sustainable approach to improve crop yield, reduce heavy metal uptake, and restore soil health.
VS and VB show strong potential for practical application in agricultural settings to ensure food safety and soil quality.