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Interface-Stabilized and Fire-Resistant Composite Polymer Electrolyte for Safe and Durable All-Solid-State Lithium

Hasan Jamal1,2, Firoz Khan3,4, Su In Kim1

  • 1Division of Energy & Environmental Technology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology, 333, Techno Jungang-Daero, Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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Summary

Researchers developed a novel solid composite polymer electrolyte using silica mesoball fillers. This enhanced lithium-ion battery electrolyte offers improved conductivity, stability, and safety, overcoming limitations of traditional poly(ethylene oxide) electrolytes.

Keywords:
all-solid-state lithium metal batteries: solid polymer electrolytesfire-retardant materialsinterfacial stabilitypostcombustion byproducts

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Poly(ethylene oxide)-based solid-state electrolytes face challenges in all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries due to their complex solid electrolyte interface, low ionic conductivity, and flammability.
  • These limitations hinder their application in advanced battery technologies requiring high performance and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multifunctional solid composite polymer electrolyte (SMB-CPE) that simultaneously enhances ionic transport, interfacial stability, and thermal protection.
  • To address the limitations of conventional solid-state electrolytes for next-generation lithium-metal batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of silica mesoball fillers into a polymer electrolyte matrix.
  • Characterization of ionic conductivity, critical current density, and electrochemical stability.
  • Evaluation of full-cell performance with LiFePO4 cathodes and assessment of thermal stability and degradation pathways.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a Li-ion conductivity of 6.37 × 10-3 S cm-1 at 60 °C, a significant improvement over unfilled systems.
  • Demonstrated doubled critical current density and stable Li plating/stripping for 2000 h in symmetric cells.
  • Full cells exhibited an initial discharge capacity of ~150 mAh g-1 and retained 81.5% capacity after 1000 cycles.
  • Postcombustion analysis showed suppressed hazardous byproduct formation, indicating enhanced thermal safety.

Conclusions:

  • The silica mesoball-filled SMB-CPE effectively improves ionic transport, interfacial stability, and thermal safety in solid-state lithium-metal batteries.
  • This novel electrolyte design mitigates key challenges associated with PEO-based electrolytes, paving the way for safer and more efficient all-solid-state batteries.