Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) in Dentistry: Narrative Review for Mechanisms and Emerging Clinical Applications

Area of Science:

• Regenerative Medicine
• Biomaterials Science
• Oral Biology

Background:

• Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) is a cost-effective biological agent with anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, and tissue-regenerative properties.
• PDRN's potential in regenerative medicine is increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the mechanisms of action of PDRN.
• To summarize PDRN's biological roles in dental regeneration.
• To present current preclinical and clinical evidence for PDRN in dentistry.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on PDRN.
• Analysis of PDRN's mechanisms involving A2A receptor activation and nucleotide salvage pathway.
• Synthesis of preclinical and clinical data regarding PDRN in dental applications.

Main Results:

• PDRN enhances osteogenesis and vascularization with bone grafts.
• PDRN offers anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects for temporomandibular joint disorders.
• PDRN aids in managing inflammatory oral conditions like peri-implantitis and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, supporting soft and hard tissue healing.

Conclusions:

• PDRN demonstrates broad therapeutic potential in dentistry.
• Current evidence is largely based on preclinical studies and small clinical trials.
• Well-designed randomized controlled trials are necessary to validate PDRN's efficacy and define clinical indications in evidence-based dental protocols.