Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 19, 2026
09:45
A Protocol for Safe Lithiation Reactions Using Organolithium Reagents
Published on: November 12, 2016
32.0K
Leaching behavior and toxicity of solid waste from ore-based lithium extraction: Implications for safe storage and
Jiefeng Liang1, Luqian Zheng2, Qun Zhang2
1Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Suzhou Research Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
Water Research
|January 17, 2026
Summary
Lithium-ion battery waste poses environmental risks. This study found lithium slags leach toxic elements like thallium, requiring specific disposal methods for safe management of battery waste.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Geochemistry
- Toxicology
Background:
- Lithium-ion battery (LIB) production generates significant solid waste.
- Environmental risks and behavior of lithium (Li)-derived waste are poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare leaching behavior and toxicity of Li ores, tailings, and slags.
- To inform environmentally sound disposal of Li processing wastes.
Main Methods:
- Systematic comparison of physicochemical properties, leaching behavior, and toxicity.
- Analysis of toxic element release (Tl, Be) under varying pH conditions.
- Toxicity assessment using zebrafish embryos.
Main Results:
- Slags showed higher toxic element levels; Tl leaching exceeded standards by 6.5-7 times.
- Be release from tailings exceeded safety limits.
- Slag leaching was pH-independent, unlike pH-dependent ores and tailings.
- Slag leachate caused zebrafish mortality and developmental abnormalities.
Conclusions:
- Waste-specific management is crucial for Li processing wastes.
- Slags require impermeable containment due to persistent leaching and high toxicity.
- Findings provide insights for safe disposal of lithium waste.
