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Effects of laser acupuncture on pain and motor function in musculoskeletal disorders: A systematic review and
Renming Liu1, Aung Aung Kywe Moe2, Zhen Zheng3
1Monash Neuromodulation Research Unit, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne 3199, Australia.
Background:
Evidence suggests laser acupuncture (LA) may relieve pain and improve motor function in musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), but the relationship between these outcomes is unclear.
Objectives:
To (1) evaluate the effects of LA on pain and motor function outcomes in MSDs; (2) examine associations between pain modulation and motor function; and (3) explore the impact of treatment characteristics.
Methods:
Ten databases were searched. Pooled effects were evaluated using Hedge's g (g) through random-effects meta-analysis models, with subgroup analyses exploring heterogeneity (I2). Meta-regression was conducted to examine the influence of treatment characteristics and associations between pain and motor outcomes. GRADE approach assessed the certainty of evidence.
Results:
Nineteen studies with 1816 participants were included. LA significantly reduced pain intensity (g = 0.59, I2 = 68 %, GRADE = low), improved physical function (g = 0.50, I2 = 67 %, GRADE = low), joint stiffness (g = -0.55, I2 = 31 %, GRADE = moderate) and increased range of motion (g = 0.76, I2 = 0 %, GRADE = moderate) but not walking speed (g = 0.38, I2 = 65 %, GRADE = low). Meta-regression showed that LA wavelength was significantly associated with pain relief (β = -3.77) and stiffness improvement (β = -3.07). However, pain relief was not associated with improvements in motor function.
Conclusions:
LA offers a non-invasive and effective approach for pain management and motor function performance, with wavelength as a key moderator. Functional benefits appear independent of analgesia, suggesting a feasible alternative for patients unable to tolerate exercise-based rehabilitation.
