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Electrospun Polyvinyl Alcohol/Polyethylene Oxide Loaded With Cisplatin as a Potential Candidate for Anticancer and
Mohamed Gaber1, El-Refaie Kenawy1, Hamed A Abosharaf2
1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Abstract:
One of the most crucial approaches to treating some aggressive diseases, like cancer, is to either discover new medications or to refine and adapt those that already exist. Among these approaches is the drug delivery system, which could help reduce drug doses and side effects. In the existing endeavor, cisplatin (CIS) was loaded on polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene oxide nanofiber (PVA-PEO-CIS) by the electrospinning method. The fabricated nanofiber was characterized, and its anticancer impact against cervical cancer cells (HeLa) was measured. Also, its antibacterial effect was studied. The obtained findings indicated that (PVA-PEO-CIS) nanofiber inhibits HeLa growth with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 19.82 µg/mL compared to free CIS (IC50 = 26.31 µg/mL). Importantly, the nanofiber was less toxic to normal WI-38 cells compared to free CIS. The improvement of the anticancer action of CIS was consistent with CIS release studies that indicated about 50% of CIS was released from nanofibers within 8 h. Further, PVA-PEO-CIS nanofiber showed potent bactericidal impact against different bacterial strains, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. For several biological applications, including tumor therapy and antibacterial research, PVA-PEO-CIS may be a potential medication candidate.
Insights
This study developed a cisplatin-loaded nanofiber drug delivery system (PVA-PEO-CIS) that effectively inhibits cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and exhibits potent antibacterial properties. The novel nanofiber formulation shows reduced toxicity to normal cells compared to free cisplatin.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Drug Delivery Systems
Background:
- Developing novel drug delivery systems is crucial for enhancing cancer therapy and reducing side effects.
- Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapy drug, but its efficacy can be limited by toxicity and resistance.
- Nanofiber-based drug delivery offers potential for controlled release and improved therapeutic outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To fabricate and characterize cisplatin-loaded polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene oxide nanofibers (PVA-PEO-CIS).
- To evaluate the anticancer efficacy of PVA-PEO-CIS against cervical cancer cells (HeLa).
- To assess the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the developed nanofiber system.
Main Methods:
- Electrospinning was employed to synthesize PVA-PEO-CIS nanofibers.
- Characterization of the nanofiber morphology and drug loading was performed.
- In vitro anticancer assays using HeLa and normal WI-38 cells were conducted.
- Antibacterial activity was tested against various bacterial strains.
- In vitro drug release studies were performed.
Main Results:
- PVA-PEO-CIS nanofibers demonstrated significant inhibition of HeLa cell growth with a lower IC50 (19.82 µg/mL) compared to free cisplatin (26.31 µg/mL).
- The nanofiber formulation exhibited reduced toxicity towards normal WI-38 cells compared to free cisplatin.
- Drug release studies showed approximately 50% cisplatin release within 8 hours.
- PVA-PEO-CIS nanofibers displayed potent bactericidal effects against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus.
Conclusions:
- PVA-PEO-CIS nanofibers represent a promising drug delivery system for enhanced anticancer therapy.
- The developed system shows potential for reducing cisplatin-induced toxicity.
- The potent antibacterial activity suggests dual applications in tumor therapy and infection control.
- PVA-PEO-CIS holds potential as a candidate medication for various biological applications.
