Chemical constituents with anti-inflammatory activity from the rhizomes of Amomum sericeum Roxb

Three new labdane diterpenoids, asericeums A-C (1-3), and thirteen known compounds (4-16) were isolated from Amomum sericeum Roxb. Their structures were determined by NMR spectroscopy, HRESIMS, and quantum chemistry calculations. All compounds were evaluated for NO inhibitory activity, and compounds 1, 4, 6, 9 and 10 exhibited IC₅₀ values of 13.02 ± 1.11-36.60 ± 1.56 μM. In the mechanistic study, 1 and 4 potentially exerted their anti-inflammatory effects by downregulating iNOS and COX-2 expression, decreasing intracellular ROS production and activating the Nrf2 pathway.