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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

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Gallic- and ω-3-linolenic-acids-mediated MgO nanoplates enable band-edge tuning and ROS-driven anticancer activity.

Ankita Thakur1, Ahmed Ahmed Ibrahim2, Khalid Mujasam Batoo3

  • 1Department of Physics, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab 140413, India.

Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
|January 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces eco-friendly magnesium oxide nanoparticles synthesized from pine needles. These green nanoparticles show promise for cancer therapy and antioxidant applications with minimal environmental impact.

Keywords:
Anticancer efficacyGreen-synthesised MgOMesoporous nanoplatesOxygen-vacancy engineeringPinus patula extract

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Area of Science:

  • Green Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Applications

Background:

  • Growing demand for sustainable and non-toxic nanomaterials in medicine.
  • Need for earth-abundant metal oxides with minimal environmental footprint.
  • Limitations of conventional synthesis methods for nanoparticles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, green synthesis route for magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs).
  • To characterize the physicochemical properties of the synthesized MgO NPs.
  • To evaluate the biomedical potential of MgO NPs in cancer therapy and as antioxidants.

Main Methods:

  • One-pot, aqueous synthesis of MgO NPs from Pinus patula needle waste.
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) for chemical analysis.
  • X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis for structural and surface characterization.
  • In vitro assays for cytotoxicity (MCF-7 cells), haemolysis, and antioxidant activity (DPPH• scavenging).

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of MgO NPs with high yield (78%) and specific platelet morphology.
  • Identification of gallic acid and flavolipids as key capping and templating agents.
  • Demonstrated anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells (IC₅₀ = 71 ng mL⁻¹) via intrinsic apoptosis induction.
  • Significant antioxidant capacity (DPPH• scavenging IC₅₀ = 25 µg mL⁻¹), outperforming previously reported green MgO NPs.
  • Tunable electronic properties due to oxygen vacancy enrichment, enabling stimulus-dependent redox switching.

Conclusions:

  • The developed green synthesis method offers a sustainable pathway for producing functional MgO NPs.
  • The synthesized MgO NPs exhibit promising anticancer and antioxidant properties with low toxicity.
  • The natural capping agents play a crucial role in stabilizing the nanoparticles and their properties.
  • These findings pave the way for environmentally friendly nanomaterials in biomedical applications.