Support Needs via Telephone Immediately After a Dementia Diagnosis

The number of individuals with dementia in Japan is increasing rapidly, placing a significant burden on family caregivers. Following a diagnosis, caregivers often experience confusion and psychological distress. Although early support can help alleviate these challenges, time and geographic constraints frequently limit access. Telephone-based counselling may offer a practical alternative, particularly for older adults who are comfortable using telephones.

This prospective cohort study targeted 266 primary caregivers of individuals newly diagnosed with dementia or mild cognitive impairment at Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital between June 2022 and December 2023. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed following the initial consultation. Of the 125 respondents, 116 provided complete data and were included in the analysis. Variables assessed included caregiver demographics, care context, health status, social support and willingness to use telephone consultations. Chi-square tests were used to compare the characteristics of those who were willing versus unwilling to use telephone consultation support.

A total of 48 caregivers expressed willingness to use telephone consultation support. This group exhibited significantly higher rates of depressive symptoms, lack of instrumental support and a greater likelihood of handling medical or service-related calls. Conversely, patients with chronic shoulder pain were less likely to use telephone consultation support. Many participants were in the early stages of caregiving, reported relatively low burden, yet demonstrated a high need to continue.

Telephone consultation support appears particularly beneficial for caregivers who serve as primary communicators with health services, lack adequate support and exhibit signs of depression. Alternative support formats are needed for caregivers with physical limitations. Tailored, early-stage interventions are crucial to effectively support family caregivers in the period following their relative's dementia diagnosis.