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Light Enhanced Hydrofluoric Acid Passivation: A Sensitive Technique for Detecting Bulk Silicon Defects

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A RT liquid surface passivation technique to investigate the recombination activity of bulk silicon defects is described. For the technique to be successful, three critical steps are required: (i) chemical cleaning and etching of silicon, (ii) immersion of silicon in 15% hydrofluoric acid and (iii) illumination for 1...

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Confidence Coefficient

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The confidence coefficient is also known as the confidence level or degree of confidence. It is the percent expression for the probability, 1-α, that the confidence interval contains the true population parameter assuming that the confidence interval is obtained after sufficient unbiased sampling; for example, if the CL = 90%, then in 90 out of 100 samples the interval estimate will enclose the true population parameter. Here α is the area under the curve, distributed equally under...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Light Enhanced Hydrofluoric Acid Passivation: A Sensitive Technique for Detecting Bulk Silicon Defects

Light Enhanced Hydrofluoric Acid Passivation: A Sensitive Technique for Detecting Bulk Silicon Defects

Published on: January 4, 2016

Confidence-gradient reweighting and lightweight feature enhancement algorithm for steel surface defect detection

Linxuan Chen¹, Cunhan Guo², Xiaofang Wu¹

¹College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Putian University, Putian, 351100, China.

Scientific Reports

|January 18, 2026

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

Keywords:

Class imbalance Long-tailed distribution Small object detection Steel surface defect detection YOLO

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