MASLD in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Undergoing Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography

Area of Science:

• Hepatology
• Endocrinology
• Diabetology

Background:

• Limited evidence exists on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) prevalence in diabetic populations.
• Understanding MASLD in type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the prevalence of MASLD and liver fibrosis in adults with T1DM and T2DM.
• To identify factors associated with MASLD in these diabetic cohorts.

Main Methods:

• 1304 adult patients (237 T1DM, 1067 T2DM) underwent vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE).
• Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) assessed liver stiffness and steatosis.
• MASLD defined as CAP ≥248 dB/m in diabetic patients; fibrosis staged by LSM.

Main Results:

• MASLD prevalence was higher in T2DM (65.7%) vs. T1DM (38.4%).
• T2DM patients showed higher rates of significant (18.6% vs. 5.1%) and advanced fibrosis (9.8% vs. 3.8%).
• Adiposity (BMI, waist circumference) and triglycerides predicted MASLD in both groups.

Conclusions:

• T2DM patients exhibit greater prevalence of MASLD and liver fibrosis compared to T1DM patients.
• Insulin resistance markers (BMI, waist circumference, triglycerides) are key predictors of MASLD in both T1DM and T2DM.