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Updated: Jan 20, 2026
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease
Increased Prevalence of Pulmonary Diseases in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Multicenter
Shaina Ailawadi1, Trishna Parikh1, Elleson Harper2
1Department of Internal Medicine.
Background:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multisystem illness with intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations. We aimed to analyze the association of developing pulmonary diseases (PDs) in patients with IBD.
Methods:
In this retrospective cohort study, TriNetX was used to identify patients with IBD who were prescribed at least one IBD-specific medication or advanced therapy. Patients with an inpatient visit and no IBD comprised the control group. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance cohorts. The odds ratio (OR) of developing PDs all-cause mortality were determined.
Results:
After PSM, there were 155,668 patients (46.6±17.5 y, 50.9% female) in each group. Patients with IBD had an increased prevalence of developing all assessed PDs except for pyothorax (P=0.087), lung abscesses (P=0.411), pleural disease (OR: 0.89 [0.80-0.98], P=0.013), and pneumothorax (OR: 0.67 [0.62-0.73], P<0.001) compared with the control group. There were at least 2-fold increased prevalence of developing asthma (OR: 2.17 [2.09-2.26]), bronchiectasis (OR: 2.35 [2.12-2.61]), chronic bronchitis (OR: 2.40 [2.11-2.72]), and vasculitis (OR: 2.33 [1.99-2.72]) compared with the control group (all P<0.001).
Conclusion:
Given the increased association of developing PDs, clinicians should engage in proactive monitoring and risk reduction strategies to mitigate the development of various PDs in the IBD patient population.
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